In Europe, 60-70% of soils have been diagnosed as ‘non healthy’ (EC, 2020). The health of agricultural soils is crucial, not only for sustainable food production but also for the provision of ecosystem services. The complex soil ecosystem is highly evolved and sophisticated. It processes organic waste into soil. It filters and cleans much of the water we drink and the air we breathe by retaining dust and pathogens. It plays a large role in how much carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere.

Mudgrams are produced by using soil as an image generator. The soil specimens come from contaminated areas containing large amounts invisible (chemical) elements (such as PFAS, sulfates, nitrates, etc.). In letting the contaminated soil interact with the photo-chemical layer, the polluted elements and phenols in the soil start to leave an imprint onto the image, a trace of their chemical co-operation. The Mudgrams therefore move away from an optical relationship with the world, towards a more direct approach based on a direct, material contact between and its subject. As a result of a process of co-authorship with earthly matters to produce a visual remnant of their interaction, they occupy a middle position between a chemigram and a photogram.
This project is ongoing.
Mudgram, Dries Segers in collaboration with polluted soils, 2023-2025, photographic negatives, different sizes

Locations of different soils (selection) are listed below in a spreadsheet.

Mudgrams (selection), different original negatives on lightbox


Season Address Country Location Coordinates Size Photogr. Film Exp. Time Plants/Species Forever Chemicals Dept Soil sample Soiltype DOV
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807765 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 unkown Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS PFAS level: 300 ng/kg (2020) surface Sand
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807765 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 unkown Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS PFAS level: 300 ng/kg (2020) surface Sand
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807765 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 unkown Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS PFAS level: 300 ng/kg (2020) surface Sand
Autumn Canadastraat 21, Zwijndrecht Belgium 51.232371, 4.326351 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 unkown no specifications PFAS level: 72.800.000 ng/L (groundwater, 2020) ≈ 5cm Lichte zandleem
Autumn Scheldedijk 77, Zwijndrecht Belgium 51.241483, 4.338079 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 unkown Rabbit fecies, PFAS level: 6.200 ng/kg ≈ 34cm Lichte zandleem
Autumn Canadastraat 20, 2070 Zwijndrecht Belgium 51.246379, 4.330171 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 unkown no specifications PFAS level: 25.380 ng/kg (2021) ≈ 34cm Zeer natte licht zandleembodem
Summer Lovenweg 1, Hoek Netherlands 51.330575, 3.759696 13 x 18 cm KodakVericolor II, 1984 unkown no specifications ≈ 30cm Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont
Summer Lovendijk, Hoek Netherlands 51.331728, 3.772836 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 unkown no specifications ≈ 30cm Droge leemgrond
Winter Beach at Pieter Pier, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.341469, 3.823714 10,2x12,7cm FOMAPAN 100, 09/2023 25" inside without sun, only clouds crab, feathers, seaweed, surface Zware klei, matig nat, matig gleyig
Winter Beach at Pieter Pier, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.341469, 3.823714 13 x 18 cm Kodak Vericolor III type S, 05/1987 39" inside without sun, only clouds feathers, seaweed, surface Zware klei, matig nat, matig gleyig
Winter Lovenweg, Paradijs Netherlands 51.329219, 3.756801 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 19" outside with clouds Patato field, monoculture ≈ 22cm Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont
Winter Lovenweg, Paradijs Netherlands 51.329219, 3.756802 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 16" outside with clouds Patato field, monoculture ≈ 22cm Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont
Winter Lovenweg, Paradijs Netherlands 51.329219, 3.756803 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 12" outside with clouds Patato field, monoculture ≈ 22cm Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont
Lovendijk, Hoek Netherlands 51.312800, 3.790507 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400 Estar, 01/1995 unkown Flax, Corn Droge leemgrond
Winter N148 191-95, Hoboken Belgium 51.151996, 4.332828 10,2x12,7cm Fujichrome 100D RDP, 10/1992 13" sun + clouds, outside no specifications surface Opgehoogde gronden
winter Lovenpolder, Terneuzen Netherlands 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 100, broken film (leakage) 10" sun + clouds, outside no specifications Droge schorgrond
spring Tiendestraat 17, Zutendaal Belgium 50.918529, 5.534741 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 5" direct sunlight no specifications ≈ 52cm Natte zandbodem met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont
summer Noeverseweg 34, Niel Belgium 51.097247, 4.33823 10,2x12,7cm 8" sunlight and clouds cane, grass fields undefined Sterk gleyige zware kleibodem<
unkown Herbekestraat 61, Hemiksem Belgium 51.155555, 4.336015 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1997 6 min sunlight no plants growing surface sterk vergraven gronden
spring Wolfsbuch, Montenau Belgium 50.376886, 6.103528 Ilford Formolit® SP4, G4E.74 unkown pineneedles, mushroom, decaying pinwood ≈ 6cm Lemig zand zeer nat, zeer sterk gleyig met reductiehorizont
spring Wolfsbuch, Montenau Belgium 50.376886, 6.103529 Ilford Formolit® SP4, G4E.74 unkown pineneedles, mushroom, decaying pinwood ≈ 6cm Lemig zand zeer nat, zeer sterk gleyig met reductiehorizont
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807765 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 5" direct sunlight Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS surface Sand
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807766 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 5" direct sunlight Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS surface Sand
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807767 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 5" direct sunlight Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS surface Sand
Summer Kopje van Kanada,  Hoek, Terneuzen Netherlands 51.343429, 3.807768 13 x 18 cm Kodak Vericolor III type S, 05/1987 5" direct sunlight Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS surface Sand
autumn Kanaaloever 3, 3600 Genk Belgium 50.936834, 5.480353 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 10" UV light no specifications ≈ 40cm Opgehoogde gronden
spring Montenau, Malmedy Belgium 50.375778, 6.093607 10,2x12,7cm 6" cloudy weather no plants, only puddle water surface Zeer natte licht zandleembodem
spring Montenau, Malmedy Belgium 50.375778, 6.093607 10,2x12,7cm 6" cloudy weather no plants, only puddle water surface Zeer natte licht zandleembodem
spring Montenau, Malmedy Belgium 50.375778, 6.093607 10,2x12,7cm 6" cloudy weather no plants, only puddle water surface Zeer natte licht zandleembodem
spring Wolfsbuch, Montenau Belgium 50.376886, 6.103529 5" direct sunlight pineneedles, mushroom, decaying pinwood 5cm Sand
spring Scheldemolenstraat, Doel Belgium 51.321495, 4.247821 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 5" sun + clouds 35cm Lichte leem, zeer nat, zeer sterk gleyig met reductiehorizont
spring Waterschei, Genk Belgium 51.011773, 5.541925

10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 5" shadow on sunny day 10cm Kunstmatige grond, belten
spring Taunusweg, Bilzen Belgium 50.909018, 5.514230 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 8' UV light PFAS level: 110 ng/L (2022) undefined zand, met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont
spring Radiatorenstraat, Vilvoorde Belgium 50.938300, 4.422779 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 5' direct sunlight, outside 34cm
kunstmatige gronden
Autumn Grindputten, Maasmechelen Belgium 51.001404, 5.627061 Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 11' outside, clouds, no sunlight ≈ 15cm Jonge stuifduin zonder profielontwikkeling. Enkel bovenaan strooisellaag en zandig moedermateriaal
Autumn Multiple locations on Leftbank Belgium multiple coordinates 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 7' direct sunlight, outside different depths different soiltypes
Autumn Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde Belgium multiple coordinates 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 7' direct sunlight, outside different depths different soiltypes
Autumn Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde Belgium multiple coordinates 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 7' direct sunlight, outside different depths different soiltypes
Autumn Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde Belgium multiple coordinates 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 7' direct sunlight, outside different depths different soiltypes
Autumn Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde Belgium multiple coordinates 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 7' direct sunlight, outside different depths different soiltypes
Autumn Right bank, city of Antwerp Belgium multiple coordinates 10,2x12,7cm Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 7' direct sunlight, outside different depths different soiltypes
Winter Hulsdonk,9042 Gent Belgium 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 6' UV light PFAS level: 129.000 ng/kg (2021) 34cm Lemig zand
Winter Hulsdonk,9042 Gent Belgium 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 6' UV light PFAS level: 129.000 ng/kg (2021) 34cm Lemig zand
Spring Elementenweg, Terneuzen Netherlands 10,2x12,7cm 10" direct sunlight 44cm Dune
Spring Lithiumweg, Hoek Netherlands 51.341085, 3.744315 10,2x12,7cm 10" direct sunlight surface Dune
Spring Elementenweg, Terneuzen Netherlands 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 10" direct sunlight 44cm Dune
Spring Zandstraat, Philipinne Netherlands 51.264053, 3.821746 10,2x12,7cm Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2010 10" direct sunlight 12cm Natte Plaggebodem met dikke antropogene humus A horizont
Spring Klein Rusland, Zelzate Belgium 51.189368, 3.796669 10,2x12,7cm 10" direct sunlight Kunstmatige gronden, Bebouwde zone
Spring Terdonkkaai, Doornzele (Gent-Industrie zone) Belgium 51.149227, 3.779814 10,2x12,7cm Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 10" direct sunlight Kunstmatige grond, bebouwde zones
Spring Zeebrug, Hoofdplaat Netherlands 51.374039, 3.663897 10,2x12,7cm Kodak Ektapan, 05/1997 10" direct sunlight undefined
Spring Christopher Colombuslaan Belgium 51.170541, 3.791578 13 x 18 cm (5,1x7,08 Inch) Kodak Vericolor II, type S, 01/1984 10" direct sunlight

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