In Europe, 60-70% of soils have been diagnosed
as ‘non healthy’ (EC, 2020). The health of agricultural soils is crucial, not
only for sustainable food production but also for the provision of ecosystem
services. The complex soil ecosystem is highly evolved and sophisticated. It
processes organic waste into soil. It filters and cleans much of the water we
drink and the air we breathe by retaining dust and pathogens. It plays a large
role in how much carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere.
Mudgrams are produced by using soil as an image generator. The soil specimens come from contaminated areas containing large amounts invisible (chemical) elements (such as PFAS, sulfates, nitrates, etc.). In letting the contaminated soil interact with the photo-chemical layer, the polluted elements and phenols in the soil start to leave an imprint onto the image, a trace of their chemical co-operation. The Mudgrams therefore move away from an optical relationship with the world, towards a more direct approach based on a direct, material contact between and its subject. As a result of a process of co-authorship with earthly matters to produce a visual remnant of their interaction, they occupy a middle position between a chemigram and a photogram.
Mudgrams are produced by using soil as an image generator. The soil specimens come from contaminated areas containing large amounts invisible (chemical) elements (such as PFAS, sulfates, nitrates, etc.). In letting the contaminated soil interact with the photo-chemical layer, the polluted elements and phenols in the soil start to leave an imprint onto the image, a trace of their chemical co-operation. The Mudgrams therefore move away from an optical relationship with the world, towards a more direct approach based on a direct, material contact between and its subject. As a result of a process of co-authorship with earthly matters to produce a visual remnant of their interaction, they occupy a middle position between a chemigram and a photogram.
This project is ongoing.
Mudgram, Dries Segers in collaboration with polluted soils, 2023-2025, photographic negatives, different sizes
Locations of different soils (selection) are listed below in a spreadsheet.
Mudgram, Dries Segers in collaboration with polluted soils, 2023-2025, photographic negatives, different sizes
Locations of different soils (selection) are listed below in a spreadsheet.
Mudgrams (selection), different original negatives on lightbox
| Season | Address | Country | Location Coordinates | Size | Photogr. Film | Exp. Time | Plants/Species | Forever Chemicals | Dept Soil sample | Soiltype DOV |
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807765 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | unkown | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | PFAS level: 300 ng/kg (2020) | surface | Sand |
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807765 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | unkown | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | PFAS level: 300 ng/kg (2020) | surface | Sand |
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807765 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | unkown | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | PFAS level: 300 ng/kg (2020) | surface | Sand |
| Autumn | Canadastraat 21, Zwijndrecht | Belgium | 51.232371, 4.326351 | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | unkown | no specifications | PFAS level: 72.800.000 ng/L (groundwater, 2020) | ≈ 5cm | Lichte zandleem |
| Autumn | Scheldedijk 77, Zwijndrecht | Belgium | 51.241483, 4.338079 | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | unkown | Rabbit fecies, | PFAS level: 6.200 ng/kg | ≈ 34cm | Lichte zandleem |
| Autumn | Canadastraat 20, 2070 Zwijndrecht | Belgium | 51.246379, 4.330171 | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | unkown | no specifications | PFAS level: 25.380 ng/kg (2021) | ≈ 34cm | Zeer natte licht zandleembodem |
| Summer | Lovenweg 1, Hoek | Netherlands | 51.330575, 3.759696 | 13 x 18 cm | KodakVericolor II, 1984 | unkown | no specifications | ≈ 30cm | Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer
en/of humus B horizont |
|
| Summer | Lovendijk, Hoek | Netherlands | 51.331728, 3.772836 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 | unkown | no specifications | ≈ 30cm | Droge leemgrond | |
| Winter | Beach at Pieter Pier, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.341469, 3.823714 | 10,2x12,7cm | FOMAPAN 100, 09/2023 | 25" inside without sun, only clouds | crab, feathers, seaweed, | surface | Zware klei, matig nat, matig gleyig | |
| Winter | Beach at Pieter Pier, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.341469, 3.823714 | 13 x 18 cm | Kodak Vericolor III type S, 05/1987 | 39" inside without sun, only clouds | feathers, seaweed, | surface | Zware klei, matig nat, matig gleyig | |
| Winter | Lovenweg, Paradijs | Netherlands | 51.329219, 3.756801 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 | 19" outside with clouds | Patato field, monoculture | ≈ 22cm | Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer
en/of humus B horizont |
|
| Winter | Lovenweg, Paradijs | Netherlands | 51.329219, 3.756802 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 | 16" outside with clouds | Patato field, monoculture | ≈ 22cm | Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer
en/of humus B horizont |
|
| Winter | Lovenweg, Paradijs | Netherlands | 51.329219, 3.756803 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 | 12" outside with clouds | Patato field, monoculture | ≈ 22cm | Lemig zand, met duidelijke ijzer
en/of humus B horizont |
|
| Lovendijk, Hoek | Netherlands | 51.312800, 3.790507 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400 Estar, 01/1995 | unkown | Flax, Corn | Droge leemgrond | |||
| Winter | N148 191-95, Hoboken | Belgium | 51.151996, 4.332828 | 10,2x12,7cm | Fujichrome 100D RDP, 10/1992 | 13" sun + clouds, outside | no specifications | surface | Opgehoogde gronden | |
| winter | Lovenpolder, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 100, broken film (leakage) | 10" sun + clouds, outside | no specifications | Droge schorgrond | |||
| spring | Tiendestraat 17, Zutendaal | Belgium | 50.918529, 5.534741 | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | 5" direct sunlight | no specifications | ≈ 52cm | Natte zandbodem met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont | |
| summer | Noeverseweg 34, Niel | Belgium | 51.097247, 4.33823 | 10,2x12,7cm | 8" sunlight and clouds | cane, grass fields | undefined | Sterk gleyige zware kleibodem< | ||
| unkown | Herbekestraat 61, Hemiksem | Belgium | 51.155555, 4.336015 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1997 | 6 min sunlight | no plants growing | surface | sterk vergraven gronden | |
| spring | Wolfsbuch, Montenau | Belgium | 50.376886, 6.103528 | Ilford Formolit® SP4, G4E.74 | unkown | pineneedles, mushroom, decaying pinwood | ≈ 6cm | Lemig zand zeer nat, zeer sterk gleyig met reductiehorizont | ||
| spring | Wolfsbuch, Montenau | Belgium | 50.376886, 6.103529 | Ilford Formolit® SP4, G4E.74 | unkown | pineneedles, mushroom, decaying pinwood | ≈ 6cm | Lemig zand zeer nat, zeer sterk gleyig met reductiehorizont | ||
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807765 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 5" direct sunlight | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | surface | Sand | |
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807766 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 5" direct sunlight | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | surface | Sand | |
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807767 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 5" direct sunlight | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | surface | Sand | |
| Summer | Kopje van Kanada, Hoek, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 51.343429, 3.807768 | 13 x 18 cm | Kodak Vericolor III type S, 05/1987 | 5" direct sunlight | Seaweed, Moss, Oysters, Mussels, PFAS | surface | Sand | |
| autumn | Kanaaloever 3, 3600 Genk | Belgium | 50.936834, 5.480353 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 10" UV light | no specifications | ≈ 40cm | Opgehoogde gronden | |
| spring | Montenau, Malmedy | Belgium | 50.375778, 6.093607 | 10,2x12,7cm | 6" cloudy weather | no plants, only puddle water | surface | Zeer natte licht zandleembodem | ||
| spring | Montenau, Malmedy | Belgium | 50.375778, 6.093607 | 10,2x12,7cm | 6" cloudy weather | no plants, only puddle water | surface | Zeer natte licht zandleembodem | ||
| spring | Montenau, Malmedy | Belgium | 50.375778, 6.093607 | 10,2x12,7cm | 6" cloudy weather | no plants, only puddle water | surface | Zeer natte licht zandleembodem | ||
| spring | Wolfsbuch, Montenau | Belgium | 50.376886, 6.103529 | 5" direct sunlight | pineneedles, mushroom, decaying pinwood | 5cm | Sand | |||
| spring | Scheldemolenstraat, Doel | Belgium | 51.321495, 4.247821 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 5" sun + clouds | 35cm | Lichte leem, zeer nat, zeer sterk gleyig met reductiehorizont | ||
| spring | Waterschei, Genk | Belgium | 51.011773, 5.541925 |
10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 5" shadow on sunny day | 10cm | Kunstmatige grond, belten | ||
| spring | Taunusweg, Bilzen | Belgium | 50.909018, 5.514230 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 8' UV light | PFAS level: 110 ng/L (2022) | undefined | zand, met duidelijke ijzer en/of humus B horizont | |
| spring | Radiatorenstraat, Vilvoorde | Belgium | 50.938300, 4.422779 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 5' direct sunlight, outside | 34cm | kunstmatige gronden |
||
| Autumn | Grindputten, Maasmechelen | Belgium | 51.001404, 5.627061 | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 11' outside, clouds, no sunlight | ≈ 15cm | Jonge stuifduin zonder profielontwikkeling. Enkel bovenaan strooisellaag en zandig moedermateriaal | |||
| Autumn | Multiple locations on Leftbank | Belgium | multiple coordinates | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 7' direct sunlight, outside | different depths | different soiltypes | ||
| Autumn | Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde | Belgium | multiple coordinates | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 7' direct sunlight, outside | different depths | different soiltypes | ||
| Autumn | Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde | Belgium | multiple coordinates | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 7' direct sunlight, outside | different depths | different soiltypes | ||
| Autumn | Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde | Belgium | multiple coordinates | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 7' direct sunlight, outside | different depths | different soiltypes | ||
| Autumn | Shores (left and right) of the river Schelde | Belgium | multiple coordinates | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 7' direct sunlight, outside | different depths | different soiltypes | ||
| Autumn | Right bank, city of Antwerp | Belgium | multiple coordinates | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak 100TMAX, 11/2013 | 7' direct sunlight, outside | different depths | different soiltypes | ||
| Winter | Hulsdonk,9042 Gent | Belgium | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | 6' UV light | PFAS level: 129.000 ng/kg (2021) | 34cm | Lemig zand | ||
| Winter | Hulsdonk,9042 Gent | Belgium | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | 6' UV light | PFAS level: 129.000 ng/kg (2021) | 34cm | Lemig zand | ||
| Spring | Elementenweg, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 10,2x12,7cm | 10" direct sunlight | 44cm | Dune | ||||
| Spring | Lithiumweg, Hoek | Netherlands | 51.341085, 3.744315 | 10,2x12,7cm | 10" direct sunlight | surface | Dune | |||
| Spring | Elementenweg, Terneuzen | Netherlands | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2009 | 10" direct sunlight | 44cm | Dune | |||
| Spring | Zandstraat, Philipinne | Netherlands | 51.264053, 3.821746 | 10,2x12,7cm | Ilford FP4 plus 125, 12/2010 | 10" direct sunlight | 12cm | Natte Plaggebodem met dikke antropogene humus A horizont | ||
| Spring | Klein Rusland, Zelzate | Belgium | 51.189368, 3.796669 | 10,2x12,7cm | 10" direct sunlight | Kunstmatige gronden, Bebouwde zone | ||||
| Spring | Terdonkkaai, Doornzele (Gent-Industrie zone) | Belgium | 51.149227, 3.779814 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak TMAX 400, 01/1995 | 10" direct sunlight | Kunstmatige grond, bebouwde zones | |||
| Spring | Zeebrug, Hoofdplaat | Netherlands | 51.374039, 3.663897 | 10,2x12,7cm | Kodak Ektapan, 05/1997 | 10" direct sunlight | undefined | |||
| Spring | Christopher Colombuslaan | Belgium | 51.170541, 3.791578 | 13 x 18 cm (5,1x7,08 Inch) | Kodak Vericolor II, type S, 01/1984 | 10" direct sunlight |